In the essay "Bros Before Hos": The Guy Code, Michael Kimmel a Sociologist, mentions the meaning of what it is to be masculine and how it is currently relevant to males now a days. He investigates males between the ages of 16- 26, and focuses on the "Code" that guys are expected to follow. He begins stating a list of conduct that men say and should live by. His emphasis that all men are to be tough and show no emotion or any sign of them being weak in any foreseeable way, this is the "Code"; "The unifying emotional subtext that all of these aphorism involves never showing emotions or admitting to weakness"(609). And whats most intriguing about it is that these rules have changed very little, in comparison to that of studies done by Social Psychologist Robert Brannon, in 1976.
From Kimmel's research and observations of asking several young men across the nation, as well as overseas, what there own construction of "manhood" was. He concluded that we come to learn these behaviors from coaches, grandfathers and uncles because they constantly stress, and ideally reflect masculinity. Applying much effort to their manhood to be "man among men", not to impress women; according to noted playwright David Mamet, women have a low place in a mans' mind, "What men need is men's approval"(611). Criticism is always present Kimmel mentions "Gender Police": guys are constantly on alert to catch one another "slipping", the slightest misstep and you will receive a ticket. Subsequently leading to put-downs that borderline our masculinity and femininity, the most common "that's so gay". That even women can perceive it and often say that if a guy is listening rather than looking at her rack, lacking masculinity for not showing sexual interest, they frame them as being gay. In addition to the gender police comes Homophobia, the fear of other men, genuinely that other men would apprehend it as failure, weakness and unmanly. He argues that wealth, power, status, strength, physicality are characteristics derived as proof that one is not gay as the single cardinal rule of manhood.
I agree with Michael Kimmel that this is not by any means biological and that it is our influence of decision. That boys are taught through society to act like men. As a kid I did not have much of a father figure, on account of my father checked out when I was about four years old, my mom being the only one left to care for me primarily just did the nurturing. Raised by own interpretation of a man, I spent most of the hours of the day on the field, in the streets "kicking it" with different crowds; boys from the hood getting rowdy causing havoc. Through experiences and from my friends dads' did I come to pick up on some extra feed back of what it was be a man in a very basic way, like doing yard work, that pretty much all the indoor work was for the women and the more thick-skinned work was to be done by the man. From playing sports I collectively understood that a man had to be tough, to be ruthless and yet look presentable. By not knowing anything about being a man I came to have lots of knowledge, like a whiteboard that started blank and ended with writing all over.
Tuesday, October 23, 2012
Tuesday, October 16, 2012
Final Draft
Fernando Guevara
Stacey Knapp
English 1A
8 October 2012
Op-Ed: Prop 30
Education in America is key, education after high school is
an opportunity for those pursuing a higher education; a chance to broader choices
of careers. For years our economy has been struggling, forcing the states to
cutback. When state spending declines it takes a negative impact on schools,
more so in California schools than other states in our country. According to
analysis by the California Budget Project; California has recorded a historic
low on public school spending because of budget shortfalls. A decade ago, the
state lagged behind about $700 per student spending a gap that has been steadily
getting enhanced. Currently, ranking 46th in the United States in
K-12 per student spending, whether more spending means for better school,
California has spent $2,856 less than the rest of our nation in money spent per
student in 2010-2011. Although, the figures are concerning due to California’s
greater number of students it faces many trials than other states in America.
Senior policy analyst at the project Jonathan Kaplan and author of the report
states “The fact there are more students per teacher in California classrooms
than any other state in the nation means there’s less attention that can be
placed on students with particular needs”(School Finance Facts). It is clear
that with California’s great amount of population it is more challenging to
teach and yet we are continuing to constantly spend less to discourse those
specific needs. Education is the gateway to a prosperous future.
At one time academics were California’s strong suit.
Public schools were good at meeting the set standards and having great test
scores, really good quality education. But today the educational system is just
a shadow of what it once was, considering all of the cuts that have been made
and more cuts to the educational system that are said to happen this upcoming
year. Fortunately, California governor Jerry Brown has added proposition 30 to
the November 6 ballot; this measure is an incentive to avoid future cuts, as
well as a constitutional initiative of repairing the deficit, meaning that prop
30 would alter the states constitution. Proposition 30, if passed, will
increase personal income-tax of 1-3 percent on Californians’ making over
250,000 dollars annually and for joint filers making over 500,000 dollars per
year for seven years. This increase in income-tax will crudely affect one
percent of Californians’. In addition, California’s sales-tax would also increase
by a quarter of a cent for four years to be in effect January 1, 2013. That
money raised in new revenue will go towards K-12 schools, community colleges
and public safety. Eighty-nine percent of the temporary tax would be
distributed to K-12 schools, leaving the other eleven percent to community
colleges. Furthermore, Proposition 30 inspires public safety. Proposition 30
would guarantee funding to local governments for public safety, counties that
are undergoing the new realignment program to ease the overcrowding in state
prisons. After, when the polls are closed, votes have been counted repeatedly,
and prop 30 did not have enough votes to pass, we will be facing an estimate of
6 billion dollars in “trigger cuts” to many programs in California like
rehabilitation programs for the sick, etc. Another, unfortunate increase in
tuition would take place resulting in a decrease of enrollment by a near 12,000
students.
Also
referred to as Jerry Brown’s Tax Measure, those opposing say this proposition gives
the Sacramento politicians a blank check without requiring budget, a pension or
an education reform. They argue that proposition 30 is just another schema to
raise more money for politicians that we either raise the tax or have no other
alternative but to deal with the consequence of more cuts to be made if we do
not pass this ballot. Additionally, they claim that our politicians authorized
the “bullet train” to be build, an approximate 5 billion dollars in funds that
we should be spending on schools. It does not guarantee one dollar to go
towards education, proposition 30 is not what it seems. These critics argue
Californians’ are being misled that we will never really know where the money
goes. But these critics ignore the fact that the money raised from this measure
will be deposited into the Educational Protection Account or EPA.
Like I stated previously, education is key to a
prosperous future. I am a current college student this debate in our state
affects me directly as well as all other college student. Although, I am not an
expert on this subject, doing research I have informed myself on key points of
good arguments for and arguments against proposition 30. As a student
supporting this ballot is critical, my goals of transferring have been set me
back because of all the cuts that have been made and all the cuts that will
take place if California governor Jerry Browns’ proposition 30: to raise a
temporary taxes to fund education for K-12, community colleges, and public
safety where to not pass.
College students face restrictions when trying to retake
courses, adding on to the increase of fees at all community colleges that have
raised in the past year alone from 26 dollars in the spring session of last
year to now a 46 dollar for unit in fall of 2012. What is the best direction
for California to go? I am ready to stand for this cause, who is with me?
Works
Cited
“Proposition
30” Temporary Taxes to Fund Education. Guaranteed Local Public Safety. 2012. Web.
8 October 2012.
“School
Finance Facts” California Budget Project. 2011. Web. 8 October 2012.
“Temporary Taxes to Fund Education. Guaranteed
Local Public Safety Funding” Education Budget. 2012. Web. 8 October 2012.
Tuesday, October 9, 2012
rough draft
Fernando Guevara
Stacey Knapp
English 1A
8 October 2012
Rough
Draft
Education in America is key, education after high school is
an opportunity for those pursuing a higher education; a chance to broader life
of careers. For years our economy has been struggling, forcing the states to
cutback. When state spending declines it takes a negative impact on schools, a
total of 85,393 public schools, more so in California schools than other states
in our country. According to analysis by the California Budget Project;
California has recorded a historic low on public school spending because of
budget shortfalls. A decade ago, the state lagged behind about $700 per student
spending a gap that has been steadily getting enhanced. Currently, ranking 46th
in the United States in K-12 per student spending, whether more spending means
for better school, California has spent $2,856 less than the rest of our nation
in money spent per student in 2010-2011. Although, the figures are concerning
due to California’s greater number of students it faces many trials than other
states in America. Senior policy analyst at the project Jonathan Kaplan and
author of the report states “The fact there are more students per teacher in
California classrooms than any other state in the nation means there’s less
attention that can be placed on students with particular needs.” It is clear
that with California’s great amount of population it is more challenging to
teach and yet we are continuing to constantly spend less to discourse those
specific needs. Education is the gateway to a prosperous future.
At one time academics were California’s strong suit.
Public schools were good at meeting the set standards and having great test
scores, really good quality education. But today the educational system is just
a shadow of what it once was, considering all of the cuts that have been made
and more cuts to the educational system that are said to happen this upcoming
year. Fortunately, California governor Jerry Brown has added proposition 30 to
the November 6 ballot; this measure is an incentive to avoid future cuts, as
well as a constitutional initiative of repairing the deficit, meaning that prop
30 would alter the states constitution. Proposition 30, if passed, will
increase personal income-tax of 1-3 percent on Californians’ making over
250,000 dollars annually and for joint filers making over 500,000 dollars per
year for seven years. This increase in income-tax will crudely affect one
percent of Californians’. In addition, California’s sales-tax would also increase
by a quarter of a cent for four years to be in effect January 1, 2013. That
money raised in new revenue will go towards K-12 schools, community colleges
and public safety. Eighty-nine percent of the temporary tax would be
distributed to K-12 schools, leaving the other eleven percent to community
colleges. Furthermore, Proposition 30 inspires public safety. Proposition 30
would guarantee funding to local governments for public safety, counties that
are undergoing the new realignment program to ease the overcrowding in state
prisons. After, when the polls are closed, votes have been counted repeatedly,
and prop 30 did not have enough votes to pass, we will be facing an estimate of
6 billion dollars in “trigger cuts” to many programs in California like
rehabilitation programs for the sick, etc. Another, unfortunate increase in
tuition would take place resulting in a decrease of enrollment by a near 12,000
students.
Also
referred to as Jerry Brown’s Tax Measure, those opposing say this proposition gives
the Sacramento politicians a blank check without requiring budget, a pension or
an education reform. They argue that proposition 30 is just another schema to
raise more money for politicians that we either raise the tax or have no other
alternative but to deal with the consequence of more cuts to be made if we do
not pass this ballot. Additionally, they claim that our politicians authorized
the “bullet train” to be build, an approximate 5 billion dollars in funds that
we should be spending on schools. It does not guarantee one dollar to go
towards education, proposition 30 is not what it seems. These critics argue
Californians’ are being misled that we will never really know where the money
goes. But these critics ignore the fact that the money raised from this measure
will be deposited into the Educational Protection Account or EPA.
Like I stated previously, education is key to a
prosperous future. I am a current college student this debate in our state
affects me directly as well as all other college student. Although, I am not an
expert on this subject, doing research I have informed myself on key points of
good arguments for and arguments against proposition 30. As a student
supporting this ballot is critical, my goals of transferring have been set me
back because of all the cuts that have been made and all the cuts that will
take place if California governor Jerry Browns’ proposition 30: to raise a
temporary taxes to fund education for K-12, community colleges, and public
safety where to not pass.
College students face restrictions when trying to retake
courses, adding on to the increase of fees at all community colleges that have
raised in the past year alone from 26 dollars in the spring session of last
year to now a 46 dollar for unit in fall of 2012. What is the best direction
for California to go? I am ready to stand for this cause, who is with me?
Monday, October 1, 2012
Proposal
Title: Pros and Cons of Prop 30
Author: I am a 19 year old student, currently attending a publicly funded community college, with support of financial aid.
Date: October 1, 2012
Topic: Proposition 30 is a temporary agreement for a tax-increase of one-quarter cent in sales tax and an increase on personal income tax for those making over $250,000 to help fund public schools, K-14, and guaranteed public safety.
Exigence: California once the most recognized education systems, now suffering a state-wide budget deficit is in need of funding to avoid an even bigger deficit of $6 billion in cuts to public funded schools, that depend from the state.
Intended Audience: General Public
Purpose: Inform California about Prop 30
Claim: YES on Prop 30
Logos: California's prop 30, raising sales-tax by one-quarter cent for four years, and an increase of personal income-tax for those making over $250,000 annually for seven years. The possibilities of prop 30 passing will help to fund public schools, K-12, including community colleges that are dependent of the State. $6 billion in new revenues, money that is very much needed for these California schools. Preventing layoffs, enrollment cuts, and classroom cuts, all this if voted in at the November primaries. Those opposing proposition 30 say, it is bad for the state, that if this ballot where to pass will destroy small business , and add there is no guarantee the money collected from these new taxes will go to fund education .
Ethos: I am a current college student, this debate in our state affects me directly as well as all other college student. Although, I am not an expert on this subject, doing research I have informed myself on key points of good arguments for and against proposition 30. As a student supporting this ballot is critical, my goals of transferring might have to be set back on account of all the cuts that have been made and all the cuts that will take place if proposition 30 where to not pass.
Pathos: College students face restrictions when trying to retake courses, adding on to the increase of fees at all community colleges that have raised in the past year alone from $26 in the spring session to now a $46 for unit in fall of 2012. What is the best direction for California to go?
Author: I am a 19 year old student, currently attending a publicly funded community college, with support of financial aid.
Date: October 1, 2012
Topic: Proposition 30 is a temporary agreement for a tax-increase of one-quarter cent in sales tax and an increase on personal income tax for those making over $250,000 to help fund public schools, K-14, and guaranteed public safety.
Exigence: California once the most recognized education systems, now suffering a state-wide budget deficit is in need of funding to avoid an even bigger deficit of $6 billion in cuts to public funded schools, that depend from the state.
Intended Audience: General Public
Purpose: Inform California about Prop 30
Claim: YES on Prop 30
Logos: California's prop 30, raising sales-tax by one-quarter cent for four years, and an increase of personal income-tax for those making over $250,000 annually for seven years. The possibilities of prop 30 passing will help to fund public schools, K-12, including community colleges that are dependent of the State. $6 billion in new revenues, money that is very much needed for these California schools. Preventing layoffs, enrollment cuts, and classroom cuts, all this if voted in at the November primaries. Those opposing proposition 30 say, it is bad for the state, that if this ballot where to pass will destroy small business , and add there is no guarantee the money collected from these new taxes will go to fund education .
Ethos: I am a current college student, this debate in our state affects me directly as well as all other college student. Although, I am not an expert on this subject, doing research I have informed myself on key points of good arguments for and against proposition 30. As a student supporting this ballot is critical, my goals of transferring might have to be set back on account of all the cuts that have been made and all the cuts that will take place if proposition 30 where to not pass.
Pathos: College students face restrictions when trying to retake courses, adding on to the increase of fees at all community colleges that have raised in the past year alone from $26 in the spring session to now a $46 for unit in fall of 2012. What is the best direction for California to go?
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